Mammary Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Mammary tumors are common in intact female dogs and the third most common feline tumor, appearing as firm nodules that can ulcerate and spread to lymph nodes and lungs. Early spaying is strongly protective, and surgical removal with ovariohysterectomy is the main treatment.
Penile and Preputial Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Penile and preputial tumors are rare genital growths reported in dogs, including papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma, and transmissible venereal tumor. They may ulcerate and bleed, are diagnosed by biopsy, and are treated with wide surgical removal plus follow-up anti-cancer medication.
Transmissible Venereal Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Transmissible venereal tumor is a contagious cancer passed between dogs through mating or close contact, causing friable, bleeding genital masses. It is diagnosed by biopsy and treated with surgery, freezing, or anti-cancer medication, with isolation to prevent spread.
Prostatic Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Prostatic tumors affect mostly older dogs and mimic benign prostatic disease, causing weight loss, thirst, back pain, and blocked urination. Adenocarcinoma can spread to lymph nodes, spine, and pelvis; treatment is surgical where possible with follow-up anti-cancer medication.
Sertoli Cell Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Sertoli cell tumors are estrogen-secreting testicular tumors of older male dogs and cats that cause feminization, symmetrical hair loss, and a lengthened prepuce. Surgical removal of both testicles resolves most signs within months, and neutering prevents the disease.
Testicular Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Testicular tumors are common in older dogs and rare in cats, often causing estrogen-driven feminization such as symmetrical hair loss and attraction from other males. Treatment is surgical removal of the affected testicle, and neutering prevents the disease.
Vaginal and Vestibular Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Vaginal and vestibular tumors are the second most common reproductive tract tumor in female dogs and cats, causing a protruding mass, urinary difficulty, and discharge. Diagnosis is by palpation and imaging, and treatment is surgical removal with possible follow-up anti-cancer medication.
Uterine Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Uterine tumors are uncommon in dogs and cats, usually benign leiomyomas, often found incidentally on palpation or ultrasound and sometimes causing vulvar bleeding. Treatment is surgical removal of the uterus and ovaries, with follow-up anti-cancer medication if needed.
Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Poisoning in Dogs and Cats
Aminoglycoside antibiotic poisoning in dogs and cats damages the kidneys and eighth cranial nerve and blocks neuromuscular transmission, with hearing loss, oliguria and paralysis. There is no antidote, so the drug is stopped and kidney and nerve function supported.
Postpartum Eclampsia (Puerperal Tetany) in Dogs and Cats
Postpartum eclampsia (puerperal tetany) in dogs and cats is an acute low-blood-calcium crisis in nursing mothers, usually 2 to 4 weeks after whelping, causing restlessness, stiffness, and violent seizures that can be fatal without prompt calcium treatment. It is an emergency requiring immediate veterinary care.
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