What happens when a dog gives birth?

In the hours before delivery, the mother dog may show restlessness, reduced appetite, pacing, and a drop in body temperature. The dog usually shows nesting behavior, such as finding a quiet, comfortable, dim corner to wait for delivery. When active labor begins, the dog shows clear labor pains, with abdominal contractions, straining, and panting.

When the cervix is fully open and the first puppy’s head enters the birth canal, the mother begins to contract her abdomen to push the puppy out. Soon after each puppy is born, its placenta is expelled; the mother usually eats it herself, which is natural and helps stimulate uterine contraction and recovery.