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Perineal Hernia in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
A perineal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal or pelvic organs (usually the rectum) through a weakness beside the rectum into the perineal tissue. It is most common in older, unneutered male dogs and is treated primarily with surgery.
Inguinal and Scrotal Hernia in Dogs and Cats
An inguinal or scrotal hernia is abdominal contents pushing through the groin into the scrotal sac, most often in young male dogs with small intestine as the common content. The swelling is usually soft and reducible, but the narrow ring can trap the bowel and cause fatal shock if not repaired.
Umbilical Hernia in Dogs and Cats
An umbilical hernia is a bulge at the navel where abdominal contents push through the umbilical ring, most often in puppies. Small hernias can be returned to the belly, but trapped ones cause pain and shock; treatment is surgical repair plus antibiotics.
Abdominal Wall Hernia in Dogs and Cats
An abdominal wall hernia is a pouch of abdominal contents pushing through a defect in the belly wall under the skin. Small hernias can be pushed back, but trapped (strangulated) ones cause sudden pain and shock; treatment is surgical repair plus antibiotics.
Peritonitis in Dogs and Cats
Peritonitis is inflammation of the abdominal lining caused by infection, injury, or leakage of gut contents, bringing severe abdominal pain and inflammatory fluid in the belly. Treatment removes the cause, uses antibiotics, and supports fluids and circulation.
Chronic Pancreatitis in Dogs and Cats
Chronic pancreatitis is a repeated or persistent pancreatic inflammation marked by recurring abdominal pain, fatty stools, and eventually high blood sugar or diabetes. Management uses a low-fat diet, pain control, and correction of enzyme or sugar imbalances.
Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs and Cats
Acute pancreatitis is sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by its own digestive enzymes attacking the gland, with edema, bleeding, and necrosis. It causes sudden upper-abdominal pain, vomiting, and shock; treatment rests the pancreas, controls pain and infection, and corrects fluids.
Splenic Rupture in Dogs and Cats
Splenic rupture is tearing of the spleen from trauma or disease that causes internal bleeding into the abdomen. Signs include severe abdominal pain, pale gums, a rapid weak pulse, and a swollen belly; it is an emergency treated with fluids, blood transfusion, and splenectomy.
Liver Abscess in Dogs and Cats
A liver abscess is a pus-filled pocket in the liver caused by pyogenic bacterial infection, single or multiple. It brings intermittent high fever, weight loss, and abdominal pain, and can rupture into the abdomen; treatment relies on aggressive antibiotics and drainage.
Hepatic Cirrhosis in Dogs and Cats
Hepatic cirrhosis is scarring of the liver from long-standing injury, leading to loss of function, a bleeding tendency, and nervous signs in advanced cases. Treatment removes the cause where possible, supports the liver, and provides a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.