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Bronchopneumonia in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia) is inflammation of the small airways and alveoli, marked by high swinging fever, rapid breathing, and focal lung sounds. It is treated aggressively with antibiotics, cough and phlegm control, and supportive care.
Bronchitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial lining, producing a persistent cough and crackles heard on chest auscultation. It may be acute or chronic and is managed with cough control, bronchodilators, and antibiotics when infection is present.
Tonsillitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Tonsillitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils, causing swallowing pain, drooling, and a soft cough. More common in dogs than cats, it is treated by controlling infection and, for recurring cases, surgical removal.
Tracheal Collapse (Tracheal Paralysis) in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Tracheal collapse is a weakening of the windpipe's supporting rings that lets the airway flatten, causing a characteristic honking cough and breathing difficulty. It is common in small and brachycephalic breeds and is managed with medical and, sometimes, surgical care.
Laryngitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx causing a harsh cough, throat pain, and difficulty swallowing. It may follow infection, irritation, or inhaled objects, and is treated by removing the cause and easing coughing and inflammation.
Elongated Soft Palate in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
An elongated soft palate is a congenital upper-airway abnormality common in brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds, causing snoring, noisy breathing, and exercise intolerance. Severe cases are corrected surgically by shortening the palate.
Sinusitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Sinusitis is inflammation of the maxillary, frontal, and sphenoid sinus linings, usually secondary to rhinitis, influenza, or facial trauma. It produces nasal discharge and breathing difficulty and is treated by clearing the sinuses and controlling infection.
Rhinitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucosa, producing congestion, swelling, nasal discharge, and sneezing. It may be acute or chronic and is managed by clearing the nasal passages and treating the underlying cause, often with antibiotics when bacterial.
Epistaxis (Nosebleed) in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Epistaxis is bleeding from the nasal or sinus mucosa that streams from the nostrils. Causes range from trauma and foreign bodies to clotting disorders and rodenticide poisoning, and treatment focuses on calming the animal and stopping the bleed.
Colds in Dogs and Cats (Upper Respiratory Infection): Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
A 'cold' in dogs and cats is an acute illness of the upper respiratory tract marked by nasal discharge, rapid breathing, and fever. It is often highly contagious and viral in origin, and is managed with supportive care and, when needed, antibiotics for secondary infection.