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Radial Nerve Paralysis in Dogs and Cats
Radial nerve paralysis leaves the elbow, wrist, and digit extensors unable to function, causing a dropped elbow, knuckled paw, and dragging toes. Forelimb or rib fractures and prolonged pressure from lying down are common causes, and rehabilitation supports recovery.

Brachial Plexus Avulsion in Dogs and Cats
Brachial plexus avulsion is the tearing of the front-leg nerve roots, usually from a car impact or high fall. It causes acute, non-progressive weakness of one limb, and rehabilitation with nerve-supportive care offers the best chance of recovery.

Hypoglossal Nerve Paralysis in Dogs and Cats
Hypoglossal nerve paralysis causes the tongue to protrude from the mouth and makes eating, chewing, and swallowing difficult. It usually follows submandibular trauma, a hematoma, or a tumor pressing on the nerve, and chronic cases can lead to tongue atrophy.

Trigeminal Nerve Paralysis in Dogs and Cats
Trigeminal nerve paralysis leaves the eye, upper, and lower jaw branches partly or fully numb, causing lost corneal reflex, a dropped jaw, protruding tongue, and difficulty eating. Tumors, abscesses, inflammation, distemper, contusion, or B-vitamin deficiency can be responsible.

Peripheral Nerve Injury in Dogs and Cats
Peripheral nerve injury in dogs and cats results from blunt trauma, falls, tumors, or irritating injections near a nerve, producing partial loss of sensation, weak reflexes, and eventually muscle atrophy. Prompt treatment of the cause and supportive nerve care improve the outlook.

Atlantoaxial Instability in Dogs and Cats
Atlantoaxial instability is a misalignment of the first two neck vertebrae that compresses the cervical spinal cord, causing neck pain, stiffness, and incoordination. It may follow trauma or be congenital, and severe cases can cause respiratory paralysis and death if untreated.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in Dogs and Cats
Intervertebral disc disease occurs when a degenerate disc bulges or herniates and compresses the spinal cord, causing pain, incoordination, and paralysis. It is most common in small or older chondrodystrophic dogs and rarely resolves without treatment.

Chorea (Involuntary Movement Disorder) in Dogs and Cats
Chorea is a neurological movement disorder in dogs and cats in which muscle groups twitch or jerk involuntarily, producing a dancing, uncoordinated gait. It usually stems from encephalitis linked to distemper, carbon-monoxide poisoning, tumors, or other brain disease, and treatment targets the underlying cause.

Myelitis and Meningomyelitis in Dogs and Cats
Myelitis and meningomyelitis are inflammations of the spinal cord and its surrounding membranes, often secondary to infection or trauma. They cause fever, pain, and progressive weakness or paralysis, and treatment must eliminate the underlying cause while controlling inflammation.

Spinal Cord Contusion and Concussion in Dogs and Cats
Spinal cord contusion and concussion are traumatic injuries in which a blow, fall, or underlying bone disease damages the cord without necessarily fracturing the spine. They disrupt nerve signals to the limbs and bladder, and severe cases can cause sudden paralysis or even respiratory arrest.