Radial Nerve Paralysis in Dogs and Cats

1 Symptoms

Radial nerve paralysis can also occur during paralytic myoglobinuria or overexertion, or from pressure by an enlarged axillary lymph node. It paralyzes the extensor muscles of the elbow, wrist, and digit.

Complete paralysis: at stand, the shoulder is over-extended, elbow dropped, wrist and digit flexed, paw backward with toes down, the limb appears longer; passively fixing the wrist and fetlock lets it bear weight. In motion the limb is under-lifted and the toes drag; on weight-bearing all joints except the shoulder over-flex, and the triceps and extensor muscles are flaccid then atrophy. Skin sensation is usually unchanged.

Incomplete paralysis: the limb can bear weight but the elbow muscles tremble; in motion the joints are under-extended, the gait slow with lameness, and the pet stumbles, worse on uneven ground or at speed. Partial paralysis (deep radial branch) shows little at stand but difficulty extending the wrist or digits in motion.

2 Causes and Transmission

Forelimb or rib fracture, prolonged lateral recumbency pressure, myoglobinuria, overexertion, or external compression. It is not contagious.

3 Diagnosis

A neurological examination localizes the radial nerve and the degree of paralysis. Imaging checks for fracture.

Other forelimb nerve injuries should be ruled out.

4 Treatment

Treatment centers on anti-inflammatory medication, warm compresses, and nutritional support; analgesic medication may relieve pain and prevent atrophy. B-vitamin supplementation supports nerve recovery.

Massage, infrared heat therapy, acupuncture, and controlled exercise aid return of function.

5 Prevention

Prevent fractures and prolonged pressure on limbs (for example, during recovery from surgery or illness).

Early rehabilitation and good nutrition support the best recovery.