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Vaginal Prolapse in Dogs
Vaginal prolapse is eversion and protrusion of the vaginal wall through the vulva, most often in proestrus or estrus females. It is often reducible, but prolapse during pregnancy can cause difficult labor and may require cesarean section to save the mother.
Paraphimosis in Dogs and Cats
Paraphimosis is the inability to retract the penis back into the prepuce, which can lead to swelling, impaired circulation, and, in severe cases, penile necrosis. Prompt veterinary care is needed to reduce the penis and treat the underlying cause.
Pneumothorax in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Pneumothorax is air trapped in the chest cavity, collapsing the lung and causing sudden breathing difficulty. It may follow trauma or arise spontaneously, and is treated by removing the air and, for open or tension types, closing the chest wound or surgery.
Hydrothorax (Pleural Effusion) in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Hydrothorax is a non-inflammatory fluid buildup in the chest that compresses the lungs and causes breathing difficulty. It usually signals heart disease or another systemic problem, and is treated by draining the fluid and managing the cause.
Pneumonia in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung tissue from infection, irritation, or aspiration, causing high fever, breathing difficulty, and a painful cough. It is treated with antibiotics, cough and phlegm control, and oxygen when needed.
Bronchopneumonia in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia) is inflammation of the small airways and alveoli, marked by high swinging fever, rapid breathing, and focal lung sounds. It is treated aggressively with antibiotics, cough and phlegm control, and supportive care.
Laryngitis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx causing a harsh cough, throat pain, and difficulty swallowing. It may follow infection, irritation, or inhaled objects, and is treated by removing the cause and easing coughing and inflammation.
Elongated Soft Palate in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
An elongated soft palate is a congenital upper-airway abnormality common in brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds, causing snoring, noisy breathing, and exercise intolerance. Severe cases are corrected surgically by shortening the palate.
Colds in Dogs and Cats (Upper Respiratory Infection): Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
A 'cold' in dogs and cats is an acute illness of the upper respiratory tract marked by nasal discharge, rapid breathing, and fever. It is often highly contagious and viral in origin, and is managed with supportive care and, when needed, antibiotics for secondary infection.
Rectal Prolapse in Dogs and Cats
Rectal prolapse is the turning inside-out of rectal tissue through the anus, ranging from a small mucosal bulge to the full-thickness rectum protruding. It is most common in young dogs and follows straining; treatment is manual replacement or surgery plus antibiotics.