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Melanomas in Dogs and Cats
Melanomas are pigmented tumors that may be benign or malignant, often in dark-skinned dogs such as Cocker Spaniels and Scottish Terriers. They favor the mouth, eyes, rectum, and perineum, with mucosal sites most at risk. Wide removal is used, but malignant forms carry a poor outlook.
Lipomas and Liposarcomas in Dogs and Cats
Lipomas are common, usually benign fatty tumors made of fat cells that grow slowly under the skin and rarely cause problems. Liposarcomas are the malignant form and can invade and break down. Solid lipomas are removed surgically, with weight control helping recovery.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Dogs and Cats
Squamous cell carcinoma is a skin tumor of the epidermal layer linked to long-term sun exposure and other skin irritation. It is the second most common skin tumor in cats and favors the head, ears, lips, and nose. Wide surgical removal is the main treatment, though it often recurs.
Sebaceous Adenomas in Dogs and Cats
Sebaceous adenomas are usually benign, curable skin tumors of older dogs and cats, most often on the back, sides, limbs, and head or neck. They appear as firm, movable, hairless lumps that may ulcerate. Complete removal or freezing cures the benign forms.
Basal Cell Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Basal cell tumors are common, usually slow-growing skin tumors of dogs and cats that arise from the basal layer of the epidermis or hair follicles. Most are benign and stay confined to the skin, though larger ones can ulcerate. Complete surgical removal is typically curative.
Interdigital Cysts in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Interdigital cysts (interdigital furunculosis) are a chronic inflammatory skin condition of the paws, not true cysts, starting as small papules between the toes that enlarge, suppurate, and form nodules causing pain, lameness, and licking. Antibacterial care controls it; stubborn cases need surgical removal of the web.
Suppurative Arthritis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Suppurative arthritis is infection of a joint by pyogenic bacteria, either carried in the blood or introduced through a penetrating wound, causing hot, painful swelling, fever, and lameness. Prompt drainage and antibiotic therapy are essential to save the joint and prevent spread; untreated it can rupture through the skin.
Multiple Cartilaginous Exostoses in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Multiple cartilaginous exostoses (multiple osteochondromas) are benign bony outgrowths that can appear on the spine, ribs, and long bones of young dogs and cats, possibly inherited. They are painless until they press on a tendon, vessel, or nerve, causing lameness, pain, or incoordination; otherwise no treatment is needed, but symptomatic ones are removed surgically.
Hypertrophic Osteopathy in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Hypertrophic osteopathy (hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy) is a secondary bone and joint disorder driven by underlying lung disease, marked by symmetric hard swelling of the distal limbs from periosteal proliferation and lameness. It is seen mainly in older dogs and improves only when the primary chest disease is treated.
Joint Contusion in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
A joint contusion is blunt injury to a joint and its surrounding tissues from a fall, blow, impact, or crush, causing bleeding under the skin, swelling, and pain worse than a simple sprain. Care combines sprain management with wound treatment for any scraped skin, plus rest and anti-inflammatories.