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Leiomyomas in Dogs and Cats
Leiomyomas are benign smooth-muscle tumors that can arise wherever smooth muscle exists, such as the uterus, stomach, intestine, and blood-vessel walls. Dogs are affected more often than cats. Surgical removal is the usual treatment, and follow-up care prevents spread.
Myomas (Rhabdomyomas and Leiomyomas) in Dogs and Cats
Myomas are muscle tumors that include rhabdomyomas and leiomyomas and may be benign or malignant. In dogs the malignant rhabdomyosarcoma is most often seen, with an unclear cause that may be hereditary. They can occur in any muscle-containing organ and are hard to remove once invasive.
Chondrosarcomas in Dogs and Cats
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor from cartilage cells, second only to osteosarcoma in frequency. It favors flat bones such as ribs, nasal bones, and pelvis and is seen more in German Shepherds. Outlook is guarded even with surgery.
Chondromas in Dogs and Cats
Chondromas are benign cartilage tumors that arise in the long bones and affect the ribs, pelvis, and sternum. They are attached to bone and need surgery only when swollen or pressing on a nerve. Most cause no signs and need no treatment.
Cutaneous Fibromas in Dogs and Cats
Cutaneous fibromas are benign tumors that arise spontaneously or after injury and can occur anywhere on the skin of dogs and cats. They are well-defined, hairless, and rarely ulcerate, and small ones may need no treatment. Surgical removal cures most cases.
Fibrosarcomas in Dogs and Cats
Fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of fibrous tissue and the second most common mouth tumor in dogs. About 60 percent arise in the skull bones and 30 percent in the long bones. It is firm, invasive, and bleeds easily when sampled. Surgery is the main treatment.
Papillomas in Dogs and Cats
Papillomas are benign tumors of the skin's outer layer, among the most common epidermal tumors of dogs and rare in cats. They appear as cauliflower-like, often stalked warts that can bleed when injured. Many regress on their own, while others are removed surgically.
Sebaceous Adenomas in Dogs and Cats
Sebaceous adenomas are usually benign, curable skin tumors of older dogs and cats, most often on the back, sides, limbs, and head or neck. They appear as firm, movable, hairless lumps that may ulcerate. Complete removal or freezing cures the benign forms.
Basal Cell Tumors in Dogs and Cats
Basal cell tumors are common, usually slow-growing skin tumors of dogs and cats that arise from the basal layer of the epidermis or hair follicles. Most are benign and stay confined to the skin, though larger ones can ulcerate. Complete surgical removal is typically curative.
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